What term denotes a controlled system for waste disposal?

• A. Open dump
• B. Incinerator
• C. Sanitary landfill
• D. Recycling center

Answer: (C)

A sanitary landfill is an engineered disposal facility designed to isolate waste from the environment. It combines containment and management features like a bottom liner and final cover, leachate collection and treatment systems, methane gas capture, daily waste placement with soil cover, and ongoing monitoring. These elements create a controlled environment that minimizes groundwater, soil, and air contamination and supports regulatory oversight.

Open dumps lack these engineered protections and are not controlled. An incinerator is a controlled treatment facility that reduces waste volume by burning it, but it isn’t a disposal site in the same sense as a landfill. A recycling center focuses on recovering usable materials rather than disposing of waste.